Hexagonal Architecture

Hexagonal Architecture nima?

Hexagonal Architecture (yoki Ports and Adapters) — bu Alistair Cockburn tomonidan taklif qilingan arxitektura bo’lib, uning maqsadi dasturiy ta’minotning yadrosini (biznes logikani) tashqi texnologiyalardan (database, web framework, external API) ajratishdir.

Bu arxitektura Clean Architecture bilan juda o’xshash, lekin u asosiy e’tiborni Portlar va Adapterlarga qaratadi.

Asosiy Tushunchalar

1. Core (Yadro)

Eng o’rtada biznes logika joylashgan. U tashqi dunyo haqida hech narsa bilmaydi.

2. Ports (Portlar)

Biznes logika bilan muloqot qilish uchun “kirish” va “chiqish” eshiklari. Bular odatda Interfacelardir.

Driving Ports (Inbound): Dasturga buyruq berish uchun (masalan, UserServiceInterface).
Driven Ports (Outbound): Dastur tashqi dunyodan nimanidir so’rashi uchun (masalan, UserRepositoryInterface).

3. Adapters (Adapterlar)

Portlarni konkret texnologiyalar bilan bog’lovchi qism.

Driving Adapters: Web Controller, CLI, Test cases. (Ular UserServiceni chaqiradi).
Driven Adapters: PostgreSQL, Redis, MailService. (Ular UserRepositoryni implement qiladi).

Diagramma

graph TD
    subgraph "Hexagon (Core)"
    Logic[Business Logic]
    PortIn((Driving Port))
    PortOut((Driven Port))
    end

    Web[Web Controller] --> PortIn
    PortIn --> Logic
    Logic --> PortOut
    PortOut -.-> DB[Database Adapter]

Hexagonal Architecture