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CQRS

CQRS nima?

CQRS (Command Query Responsibility Segregation) — bu dastur ichida ma’lumotlarni o’zgartirish (Command) va ma’lumotlarni o’qish (Query) operatsiyalarini bir-biridan butunlay ajratish prinsipidir.

Oddiy CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) dasturlarda bitta model ham o’qish, ham yozish uchun ishlatiladi. CQRS da esa ular alohida.

Asosiy Tushunchalar

1. Commands (Buyruqlar)

Ma’lumotlarni o’zgartiruvchi amallar. Ular hech narsa qaytarmasligi kerak (yoki faqat status/id).

CreateUserCommand
UpdateProductPriceCommand

2. Queries (So’rovlar)

Ma’lumotlarni o’qiydigan amallar. Ular ma’lumotlarni hech qachon o’zgartirmasligi kerak (side-effect yo’q).

GetUserByIdQuery
GetAllProductsQuery

Arxitektura

Ko’pincha CQRS da o’qish va yozish uchun ikki xil ma’lumotlar bazasi ishlatiladi:

Write Database (Master): Yozish uchun optimallashtirilgan (normalized, 3NF).
Read Database (Replica/Projections): O’qish uchun optimallashtirilgan (denormalized, NoSQL).

graph LR
    User -->|Command| CommandHandler
    CommandHandler --> WriteDB[(Write DB)]
    WriteDB -.->|Sync| ReadDB[(Read DB)]
    User -->|Query| QueryHandler
    QueryHandler --> ReadDB

Afzalliklari

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